Evaluation of Polymorphisms in Cytokine Genes in Peritoneal Dialysis: Systematic Review

The chronic kidney disease is currently considered a public health problem. Endstage renal disease (ESRD) patients have as an alternative to blood clearance hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). However, the development of local and systemic inflammatory processes in treating long-term PD peritoneal reflects the poor survival rate among patients with PD. In such a situation, polymorphism responsible for the variation of expression of components of immune modulators is relevant since they can increase the permeability of the peritoneal membrane. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the frequency of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms in patients under PD and their association with peritoneal dysfunction. The search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Lilacs (Scielo) and Web of Science. A total of 76 publications were found and three studies were included according to eligibility criteria. Two polymorphs T15A and -174G/C associated with the transport of solutes through peritoneal membrane, identified on IL-6 gene. In contrast, the polymorphs TNF-α 308 G/A and IL-6 -572 G/C had no correlation with the permeability across the peritoneal membrane. Further studies are necessary in order to unveil the effects of cytokines gene polymorphisms on peritoneal dysfunction.

Author(s): Laise SM Rodrigues, Adriano P Sabino, Whocely V de Castro, Alba Otoni, Melina B Pinheiro and Danyelle RA Rios

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